Your Rights. My Responsibility.
Tirthankar Mukherjee
Providing professional, ethical and result-oriented legal assistance with a commitment to justice, integrity and dedication.
- Advocate, Supreme Court of India
- Advocate, High Court at Calcutta
- National Chairman, Judicial Council of India
- National Chairman, Human Rights Force of India

“The Law Seeks Truth, and Truth Alone Triumphs.”
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High Court at Calcutta
Judicial Council of India
Human Rights Force of India
The Leading Supreme Court Judgment on Circumstantial Evidence
Sharad Birdhichand Sarda v. State of Maharashtra
Citation: (1984) 4 SCC 116; AIR 1984 SC 1622
This landmark judgment laid down the “Five Golden Principles”, also known as the Panchsheel of Circumstantial Evidence.
The circumstances from which the conclusion of guilt is to be drawn must be fully established.
The established facts must be consistent only with the hypothesis of the guilt of the accused.
The circumstances must be of a conclusive nature and tendency.
The circumstances must exclude every possible hypothesis except the one sought to be proved.
There must be a complete chain of evidence leaving no reasonable ground for a conclusion consistent with the innocence of the accused and showing that, in all human probability, the act was committed by the accused.
This section is for legal education and general information only. It is not personalised legal advice.
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Tirthankar Mukherjee
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